空調污染治理是個系統的工程
信息來源://wl132.cn 發布時間:2013/3/2 14:39:38 點擊數:
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在很多(duo)時候(hou)我(wo)們治理污染(ran)難以取得(de)效果,其中大的(de)因(yin)素是在于沒有系(xi)統(tong)的(de)措施和(he)方法,而今天我(wo)們就來和(he)您一起看(kan)看(kan)關于空調(diao)污染(ran)治理的(de)系(xi)統(tong)措施!
相(xiang)關研(yan)究表明(ming),空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)對(dui)室內(nei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)質量來說是一把(ba)雙刃(ren)劍,它給我們創造舒適(shi)的(de)(de)(de)室內(nei)環境的(de)(de)(de)同時對(dui)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染也(ye)不容小視(shi),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)疾(ji)(ji)病預防控制(zhi)中(zhong)心(xin)環境與健康相(xiang)關產品安全所研(yan)究員戴自祝指出(chu),空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)污(wu)染程(cheng)度(du)視(shi)使用情況而定,而空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)污(wu)染的(de)(de)(de)治理更是一項(xiang)系統工程(cheng)。中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)疾(ji)(ji)控中(zhong)心(xin)、上(shang)海(hai)市疾(ji)(ji)控中(zhong)心(xin)、復旦大學(xue)公共衛(wei)生學(xue)院等機(ji)構曾對(dui)上(shang)海(hai)、北(bei)京、深圳(zhen)進行(xing)實地家(jia)用空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)入戶調(diao)(diao)研(yan),發現(xian)88%的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)散熱片細菌(jun)總數超標,84%的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)散熱片霉菌(jun)總數超標;空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)散熱片中(zhong)檢出(chu)細菌(jun)超標高(gao)可達1000倍(bei)以上(shang),空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)將吹出(chu)看不見的(de)(de)(de)細菌(jun)、真菌(jun)。
戴自祝(zhu)介紹說,國務(wu)院頒布的《公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理條例》及(ji)其實施細則(2011年修(xiu)訂)和衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)部(bu)的一法(fa)三規,即《公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)集中空(kong)調通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理辦(ban)法(fa)》及(ji)《公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)集中空(kong)調通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規范(fan)》、《公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)集中空(kong)調通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學評價規范(fan)》和《公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)集中空(kong)調通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)清洗(xi)規范(fan)》等標準法(fa)規對(dui)公共(gong)(gong)場(chang)(chang)所(suo)的空(kong)調系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管(guan)理作了規定(ding)。但對(dui)于(yu)家用空(kong)調,目前尚未制(zhi)定(ding)相關(guan)標準。“可(ke)以參(can)(can)照上述規范(fan)的要(yao)求,空(kong)調污染終會影響到空(kong)氣質量。”戴自祝(zhu)指出,對(dui)于(yu)空(kong)氣質量的指標,可(ke)以參(can)(can)照GB/T1883-2002《室內(nei)空(kong)氣質量標準》,如其中顆粒(li)物濃度PM10為每(mei)立方米0.15毫克,對(dui)菌(jun)落(luo)(luo)總數(shu)的限定(ding)值(zhi)為每(mei)立方米2500cfu(菌(jun)落(luo)(luo)形成單位)。
對于(yu)(yu)空調帶來的污(wu)染問題,人的活動和不(bu)潔凈的室內(nei)(nei)空氣(qi)是造(zao)成污(wu)染的罪魁禍首。室內(nei)(nei)空氣(qi)被吸入空調系(xi)統(tong)內(nei)(nei)部(bu),空氣(qi)中的粉塵(chen)等(deng)顆粒物,細(xi)菌、病毒等(deng)微生(sheng)物就會附著(zhu)在潮濕的換熱器表面,并在合適的溫(wen)濕度條件下(xia)大量滋生(sheng),因此(ci)也(ye)有人將空調稱為二(er)次污(wu)染源(yuan)。同時,空調內(nei)(nei)部(bu)的污(wu)染還會存在于(yu)(yu)風機、空氣(qi)連(lian)接管等(deng)整個系(xi)統(tong)內(nei)(nei),這些都會通過散熱片散發到室內(nei)(nei)。因此(ci),空調污(wu)染的治理不(bu)是簡單的洗洗過濾網(wang)就能解決的,而(er)是要(yao)做(zuo)一項(xiang)系(xi)統(tong)工程。
有經驗的(de)人(ren)告(gao)訴(su)我(wo)們,想要降低(di)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)污(wu)染,首先要進行源頭(tou)控制,改善室內(nei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)環境使(shi)(shi)室內(nei)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)保(bao)持潔凈。其次,在(zai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)停止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)時盡量保(bao)持機器內(nei)部的(de)干(gan)燥也(ye)可(ke)以減少細菌等微生物的(de)滋生。消(xiao)費者可(ke)以在(zai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)制冷(leng)停止后,延(yan)時繼續通風一段(duan)時間,使(shi)(shi)散熱器片等部位干(gan)燥,在(zai)平時使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)時還可(ke)以定期使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)清洗劑(ji)進行清洗消(xiao)毒(du),據介紹(shao),空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)清洗劑(ji)的(de)主要成(cheng)分(fen)是表面活(huo)性(xing)劑(ji),它可(ke)以使(shi)(shi)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)內(nei)部的(de)污(wu)染物脫離附著表面,并隨冷(leng)凝水(shui)一起排(pai)出室外,一些(xie)空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)(diao)(diao)清洗劑(ji)的(de)配方還加(jia)入(ru)了消(xiao)毒(du)殺菌成(cheng)分(fen)。
每年在換季的(de)(de)時節空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)較先(xian)開機前都應該進行徹底清潔與消(xiao)(xiao)毒,但是(shi)在空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)使用(yong)的(de)(de)頻繁季節,由(you)于(yu)人們可能會長(chang)時間待(dai)在空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)房內,室(shi)內空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣質(zhi)量直接(jie)影響著我們的(de)(de)健(jian)康(kang),所(suo)以(yi)需要定期對空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)進行清潔,簡單的(de)(de)方(fang)法便是(shi)對空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)每月消(xiao)(xiao)毒1次(ci)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)調(diao)散熱片(pian)(pian)不(bu)可拆(chai)卸(xie),而且由(you)于(yu)其結構的(de)(de)特(te)殊性,僅靠濕布擦拭(shi)、刷子清潔等手(shou)段(duan)是(shi)沒有用(yong)的(de)(de),而且還容易(yi)損壞散熱片(pian)(pian)。
從各種(zhong)不同(tong)的方面對于空調污染進行徹底的治理,這才是(shi)我們實(shi)際使用中需要掌握的知識,因為(wei)如果我們沒有系(xi)統的治理措(cuo)施(shi)的,污染還是(shi)很(hen)難徹底除去的!
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