空氣污染防治嚴重滯后社會的經濟發展
信息來源：//wl132.cn/ 發布時間：2013/3/29 18:12:33 點擊數：
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過濾器設備
據悉(xi)，由中(zhong)國(guo)人民大(da)學環境學院等機構編寫的(de)《中(zhong)國(guo)城(cheng)市空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理(li)績效評估》(下稱《評估》報告)將于(yu)本月28日發布。這份《評估》報告顯示(shi)，我國(guo)空氣(qi)(qi)污染防(fang)治政策滯后于(yu)社會經濟發展，空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)水平呈(cheng)整體惡(e)化趨勢;經濟發展高的(de)城(cheng)市，空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)普遍較(jiao)差(cha);約(yue)有(you)46.02%的(de)居民對城(cheng)市空氣(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量(liang)狀況不滿!
據了(le)解，《評估(gu)》報告(gao)在編寫過程中(zhong)得到(dao)(dao)了(le)環境保護部政策(ce)法規司、中(zhong)國(guo)環境科(ke)學研究院、清華大學、中(zhong)國(guo)環境監測總站(zhan)、環保部環境工程評估(gu)中(zhong)心等單位的支持。《評估(gu)》報告(gao)基于公開可(ke)獲得的數據，對(dui)“十一五(wu)”期間全(quan)國(guo)281個(ge)地級及(ji)以(yi)上城市(截止(zhi)到(dao)(dao)2010年)的空氣(qi)質量現狀與變化趨勢(2005年至2010年)進(jin)行了(le)評估(gu)。
評估結果顯示，空(kong)(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量好(hao)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)個數占(zhan)10.67%，差(cha)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)占(zhan)75.80%，極差(cha)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)占(zhan)13.52%。其中(zhong)(zhong)，空(kong)(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量好(hao)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)經(jing)濟發(fa)展水(shui)平低的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)所(suo)占(zhan)比例(li)大;空(kong)(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量差(cha)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)里，工(gong)業(ye)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)、采暖城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)所(suo)占(zhan)比例(li)大;空(kong)(kong)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量極差(cha)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，采暖城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)、經(jing)濟發(fa)展水(shui)平高的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)所(suo)占(zhan)比例(li)大。
報告介紹，不同地域(yu)之(zhi)間的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市群(qun)空氣污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)具有各自的特征，遼寧中部(bu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市群(qun)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)主要(yao)集中在(zai)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)工業城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市，包括本溪、撫(fu)順、沈陽、鞍山(shan)，以(yi)PM10和SO2污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)為(wei)主，超(chao)標(biao)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);氮氧化物(wu)雖然達標(biao)，但是(shi)上(shang)述工業城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市均(jun)處于后30%的水(shui)平(ping)。山(shan)東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市群(qun)PM10、SO2、NO2三種(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)都非常嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，二級(ji)及以(yi)上(shang)天數指標(biao)半數以(yi)上(shang)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市都位(wei)于排名的后30%;PM10污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)在(zai)大(da)型工業城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市尤為(wei)明顯。山(shan)西中北部(bu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市群(qun)主要(yao)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)是(shi)SO2，超(chao)標(biao)率排名均(jun)處后30名的水(shui)平(ping)，尤其(qi)以(yi)省會太原SO2污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)為(wei)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);山(shan)西關中城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市群(qun)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)相對其(qi)他區域(yu)來看污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)為(wei)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。白銀(yin)、蘭州、烏魯木(mu)齊均(jun)是(shi)全國污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)為(wei)嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市，污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)以(yi)PM10與SO2為(wei)主。
《評估》報告(gao)指出，我國(guo)空氣污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)政(zheng)策滯后于社會經濟發展，城市(shi)空氣污(wu)染(ran)(ran)依然嚴重(zhong)，沒有達到環境(jing)空氣質量標準(zhun)，尤其是大(da)城市(shi)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)加重(zhong)的(de)趨勢(shi)，說明(ming)(ming)空氣污(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)的(de)政(zheng)策創新(xin)不足。但《評估》報告(gao)同時認為(wei)，城市(shi)空氣質量改善有較大(da)潛力(li)，我國(guo)各地污(wu)染(ran)(ran)控制(zhi)設施已經大(da)量建設和安裝，但主要(yao)污(wu)染(ran)(ran)源(yuan)沒有實現連續達標排放，說明(ming)(ming)管理不到位。
報(bao)告還建(jian)議將國家城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)評(ping)估(gu)制度(du)化，周期性地對全(quan)國城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)狀況展(zhan)開評(ping)估(gu)，并將評(ping)估(gu)結果向社會(hui)公(gong)開。居民是空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)效果的(de)直接(jie)“測量(liang)者”，《評(ping)估(gu)》報(bao)告建(jian)議開展(zhan)基于問卷的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)公(gong)眾空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)滿意度(du)調查評(ping)估(gu)，完善城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)管理信息制度(du)，并建(jian)立(li)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)空(kong)氣質(zhi)量(liang)達(da)標規劃制度(du)。
由此可見，不完善的空氣污染防治政策對于我們國家的發展也是很大的影響，從一些污染治理情況較差地區的經濟發展中我們就可以看出。因此，加強空氣過濾器的運用，完善城市(shi)空氣質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)理信息制度，并(bing)建立城市(shi)空氣質(zhi)量(liang)達(da)標規(gui)劃制度是很重要的!
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